Inflation Dynamics and Economic Impacts in the UK, USA, and Germany (2015–2024): A Comparative Macroeconomic Analysis
Muhammad Farhan Sarwar1 and Andre Luiz Abatti2 and Nimra Khalid3
1Anglia Ruskin University, UK; 2Anglia Ruskin University, UK; 3Indus University Karachi, Pakistan
*Corresponding author: MFS137@Student.aru.ac.uk
To Cite this Article :
Sarwar MF and Abatti AL and Khalid N, 2026. Inflation dynamics and economic impacts in the UK, USA, and Germany (2015–2024): a comparative macroeconomic analysis. Sci Soc Insights, 5: 58-65. https://doi.org/10.65822/j.sasi/2026.007Abstract
Inflation the sustained rise in the overall price level of goods and services reshaped global economic policy between 2015 and 2024. This paper compares inflationary developments in three advanced economies: the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany. Drawing on national statistical data and policy documents, it identifies the principal causes and consequences of inflation during this decade, dividing the period into three distinct phases: the stable post-crisis years (2015–2019), the pandemic-induced disinflation (2020–2021), and the global inflation surge (2021–2023). The analysis also examines the construction industry as a sectoral case study to illustrate how macro-level inflationary pressures translate into industry-specific cost escalations. Findings show that despite different institutional frameworks, the three economies experienced parallel shocks from energy dependence, supply-chain fragmentation, and policy mis-timing. The paper concludes that long-term inflation management requires coordinated fiscal and energy strategies rather than reliance on interest-rate tightening alone.